Notre Dame de Paris

Notre Dame De Paris, Ill De la Cite (1163-1345) The building that has taken my interest is Notre Dame De Paris, which literally meaner â€Å"Our Lady of Paris† in French. When one thinks of Gothic architecture, majority will think of Notre Dame as it is one the most significant French catholic cathedral that is distinctively Gothic. Because Notre Dame has seen many reconstruction in its days, its early construction in the period sass is characterized as Early Gothic and adopt similar pointed arch that transcends from late Romanesque.Notre Dame's early ethic style then slowly evolved in 13th century when High Gothic began to achieve further light, tall and yet majestic. Clerestory windows had changed from one window holed in a wall, into two windows united by elaborate window tracery and colorful rose window. 1 The architect Bishop Maurice De Sully sees to the construction in 1163 until his passing in 1196. It took 5 other successors, Bishop Dudes-De-Sully and others to complet e Notre Dame in its glorious state. Because of this, it has slight stylistic variations and it is not perfectly symmetrical.Between 1210 and 1220, four architects oversaw the construction level with the rose window and the great halls beneath the towers. The towers were completed in 1245 but overall construction only finished around 1345. 2 Notre Dame was under many alterations at the end of 17th century as many tombs and stained glass windows were destroyed. By the end of 18th century, many of cathedral's treasure were either stolen or destroyed from the war. However, the cathedral's great bells were still preserved and was used as a warehouse to store food.Victor's Hugo novel, â€Å"The Hunchback of Notre Dame† in 1831 has drawn a huge attention to the dilapidated state of the cathedral and probably has instigated the restoration project in 1845. Notre Dame too was first of its kind to utilize the flying buttress in which to support the thin exterior walls. It is built arou nd the choir and nave to withstand the stress fracture that begins to happen as the thin wall pushes outward. Other architectural advancement that precedes here is the ribbed vaults that can be found above the double aisle surrounding the choir.Other features that embody the Gothic style are the rose windows that brings in magnificent natural lighting to the interior. South rose window of Notre Dame De Paris Gargoyle statue on top of Notre Dame Not to forget, the guardians of grand cathedrals, the gargoyles; considered a statue that is ingeniously crafted to serve as column support or water spouts. More over there are many diverse characteristics that can help us to identify a Gothic structure such as gee archways, ornately crafted spires and lace like tracery, serve to hide the bulk of the load bearing 3.Since all works of religious art goes beyond the artistic expression, these Gothic features accentuates the lightness and grandeur of spiritual space. Most are focused ‘upwar ds', perhaps in reference of Heaven or presence of higher heavenly being. One can conclude these achievements have been a turning point for culture achievements in the Middle Ages. â€Å"Gothic architecture had a magnificent opportunity of development in the construction of the great cathedrals, which, in France, were all built at the end of the twelfth and beginning of the thirteenth centuries†¦

Climax, Symbolize and Theme in the Lottery Essay

â€Å"The Lottery† by Shirley Jackson is a very famous American short story. It was published in the June 26, 1948, issue of the The New Yorker. Written the same month it was published. It is ranked today as â€Å"one if the most famous short stories in the history of America literature.† It has been studied in preparatory schools and in universities since its publication. It is very controversial. Some like it, others do not. The lottery has climax, mood and theme.The lottery has a really crazy climax. Climax is the point of greatest emotional intensity in plot. I think the climax of story is killing the person who picks the lottery up. When they kill the woman, their eyes are changed to jealous. Someone said ‘Hurry up!’ and then they throw stones to the woman. Among the people, their family included. I was shocked about her family killed their mother. Even if the son’s face was very pitiful, his parents gave a stone and let him cast it. The chillin g climax also shows serious mood.The story also has extremely serious mood. The mood is generally defined as the atmosphere in the story. Although weather, surrounding and background in the story are sunny and clear, the electing process of the sacrificial victim is too quiet. The weather is a contrast to the village people. At least, the woman has only a tragic ending. She was killed by her friend and family. I think the best of the scene is children kill her too. It’s impossible, though custom is very important, they shouldn’t have let person sacrifice for their personal goal. These things made me confused to understand the story. The lottery has a theme which is difficult to understand. When I saw the title â€Å"The lottery†, I think this story has a good ending, but woman who won the lottery was killed by stones casted by people who she believes and love. It is very irony. Why they killed who won the lottery? I can’t understand this story exactly. But the author who wrote lottery gives us some message. There is old saying â€Å"Don’t judge a book by its cover† I think this crazy climax and serious mood make me difficult to understand this story.In conclusion, â€Å"The Lottery† is a short story which uses crazy climax, serious mood. I think Shirley Jackson who wrote â€Å"The Lottery† gives us some messages. First, don’t judge by appearance. This story title is â€Å"The Lottery†, but the ending is died who won the lottery. Second, we should remove wrong culture. Wrong culture killed innocent person. So, wrong culture is changed quickly. I searched a lot of information of this story. People say this story is written objectively. I strongly agree with this comment. They were extremely relieved when saw the women who won the lottery. In the movie of last scene, I felt selfishness from them.

FeedHenry - Innovating in the cloud Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

FeedHenry - Innovating in the cloud - Case Study Example The strategy is to satisfy the clients’ needs across the world in order to enjoy maximum earnings (Cunningham and Gately 670). This implies that the cloud technology shall enhance value to clients, which establishes a competitive advantage through the exploitation of the market. The FeedHenry’s current business level comprises of enterprises adopting mobile applications for their marketing mix programs with an extensive base across the world. This is through the introduction of a latest cloud connectivity technology that uses centralized servers. Alternatively, the platform technology innovation enabled firms to establish their own mobile applications through the operating systems of various gadgets. The current business level focuses on conquering the market by developing distinctive advantages through their innovations (Cunningham and Gately 671). The platform technology project attracted many firms because this was an emerging aspect in the promotion of commodities. Another way of ensuring the success of the business level was through supervision of their innovations to ensure that the clients received value from the cloud technology. The corporate level strategy adopted by FeedHenry was the transformation of their operations from the web technology for media to the cloud innovation. This aspect affected their financial capacity because it requires a high investment outlay that could accommodate the new technology and modalities. It also concerned the allocation of resources to various stations for easy development of mobile apps by all the firms (Cunningham and Gately 673). Considering this change in operations, the company embraced the value-creating tactic that emphasized on gaining more market share and counting competition. The innovation of the mobile app was to capture the new opportunities evident in the telecommunication industry. The technology focus requires customers to register with them in order to have

Jetblue Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Jetblue - Research Paper Example Schermerhorn, 2012). To achieve a wide application, a behavioral science approach was applied by JetBlue by planning and re-enforcing of organizational strategies, process, and structures in order to improving the JetBlue effectiveness. For this JetBlue developed a System Operation Center to be to organ for making decision, teamwork, communication and offering leadership to crew members in order to offer excellent services to customers. This was done by total utilization of process of change in behavioral science technologies, theory, and research. The long-term strategy of JetBlue was to change attitudes, cultural values, attitudes and organization structures. To achieve this JetBlue had to renew its capacity and transform itself into a learning organization (Kondalkar, 2009). To change the operating environment, JetBlue had to reorganize itself to fit in the modern environment. Change had to be managed from the top by Senior Vice President (Operations) (Organization Development Network, 2015). Change is part of the organization culture at JetBlue; thus the department within organization must help SOC in improving JetBlue and directors always lead the crew members. This is espoused in values and beliefs of JetBlue with clear enshrined goals, aspirations, rationalization and ideologies (Schein, 2010). SOC develops goals and objectives, trains and develops crew member skills at JetBlue University, this by developing a complete HR training modules suited for each department and as per the requirement of the director. Surveys are done in order to measure the level achievement of success in JetBlue. The learning organization is implemented by applying basic assumptions and generative learning in JetBlue thus challenging status quo and developing a questioning culture and driving the behavioral science deeper. IT has played an important role in

The chartered institute of logistics and transport Essay

The chartered institute of logistics and transport - Essay Example The mission statement has always been "Your Career Partner" and it has over 30,000 members in 28 national sections of the CILT across the world. Through its national councils and sections around the globe, it offers information, guidance, forecasts, scientific knowledge, and educational courses with qualifying examinations, seminars, conventions, constructive partnerships, professional development and many kinds of assistance. It had classified the branches into groups and regions for good and easy governance. The network contact is in more than 50 countries. Her Royal Highness, The Princess Royal, the Institute's patron, takes great interest in CILT's activities. Organisation has Vice President for Supply Chain Innovation at the International Consultancy, Solving International, and Chairman and Chief Executive at the topmost level, who had been functioning mostly in an authoritarian style. The organisation has a very high international profile, even though it had not been easy for it to build it up. Its management had always been of the best quality and they hire people from very well known organisations like Price water Coopers, who already have tremendous experience of running international giants. In spite of it, it had been facing management crises for sometime now, with new areas to make unprecedented moves and decisions opening up all the time. It had been, no doubt the authoritarian style of management and the decisions were always taken by the topmost authorities, with the expectation that the lower ranks would fall in line with those decisions, and it had been happening so. But now with the changed circumstances, even organisations like Price Water Coopers are facing enormous problems due to culture clash and diverse organisational set-ups and conflicting working environments and mostly, they avoid these problems by taking local people as partners in the company and interfering in the company matters as less as possible. The main area where research should be done and conclusions to be drawn is communication that leaves much desired. "While the effect of communication apprehension on a multitude of psychological and performance variables has been studied in many other disciplines, it has not been extensively examined by sales researchers" http://www.apmforum.com/emerald/cross-cultural-management.htm The international organisations have noticed that employing local people had always been not the best of the alternatives. But under the circumstances, there is no other better alternative. People representing different cultures and countries, speaking languages other than English, being used to different working environments have posed a challenge to the working style and management ways of these organisations. It had not been very easy for the said organisation to get over the barriers and come into terms with the frustratingly diverse ways of local employees. This in spite of CILT being an international player for a long time, and that has not helped enormously. Values, beliefs, business dealings, conversation, language, ways of discussion and decisions, interactions, food habits, all are different and cultures

Madison and Brutus Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Madison and Brutus - Essay Example On that aspect, this discussion will cover the different ways in which the ideologies of Madison in the federal papers helped shape America in its historical development and the influence it had on American politics. In addition, the essay analyzes the significance of basic rights of the citizens and how it helps in advancing the interests of the country as proposed by Brutus in the anti-federal papers. Similarly, the controlling of factions with intentions of exploiting the interests of the economy as articulated by Madison is also of interests in this discussion. There are different ways in which Madison and Brutus can assess groups in the context of the historical development and impact on American Politics. For instance, according to Madison in Federalist No. 10 he believed that certain factions or interests groups should not be allowed to take over the affairs of country at the expense of ordinary citizens or the entire community (Madison and et al 93). According to Madison, a f action is composed of a number of citizens who can include majority or minority and are joined by a common interest that is likely to endanger the welfare of the community. In addition, Madison’s Federalist No. ... 10 that the governance by the majority faction in a republic is a violation of the American Constitution and mockery of the American revolution in that it does cater for the interests of the citizens but that of its own. In addition, the Federal paper No. 51 further calls for transparency and accountability among leaders in the emerging American republic to shield common citizens from exploitation of the power elite (Madison 103). On that aspect, Madison was against the creation of individual states as this would interfere with the principles of constitution of making American republic. Alternatively, Madison had a number of suggestions on how to overcome the challenges of factions especially in the defense of vulnerable citizens. For instance, he suggested that eliminating the causes of factions and the control of its effects was the first strategy of alleviating its negative effects. On that perspective, he also came up with two strategies of eradicating the causes of factions for the benefit of the American interests (Madison and et al 72). These included taking away the liberty of citizens something Anti-Federalists such as Brutus felt against. Another measure was to grant every American citizen a chance to speak his opinions, passions and express his interests. Therefore, this would prevent factions from taking advantage of ordinary citizens and thus transform the perception of American politics. On the other hand, when it comes to Anti-Federalist No. 3 that was championed by Brutus and others, they had opposing perspectives with the Federalists. For example, Brutus Anti-Federalist papers were against the denying of citizens liberty in order to contain the factions as suggested by Madison in his Federalist papers No. 10 and 50. On that account, Brutus was of

Element of international business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Element of international business - Essay Example xcess money, so much so that inflation rate soared to 200%.2 In 1989, prices were galloping at the rate of 5,000 per cent a year, prices were being adapted almost daily, and panic-stricken people were getting rid of their currency as though it was scalding them.3 Carlos Menem, who became president of Argentina in 1989 tried to rectify matters by cutting red tape in a determined effort to rejuvenate industrial development, liberalising trade, throwing open state run enterprises to privatisation.4 Privatisation witnessed Argentina disposing off, what Argentines now remorsefully refer to â€Å"las joyas de miabuela† (grandmother’s jewels): Vivendi of France won the privatised water sector, while U.S giants Enron and Fleet were successfully allocated the gas and banking sectors respectively.5 Menem’s ambitious plans did not succeed even after giving it time until March 1991, mainly due to apprehensions over the amount of state deficits.6 The first incident occurred on April 1991. Due to the strong recommendations of Carlos Menem and Minister of Economy Domingo Cavallo, the Argentine Congress passed the Convertibility Law, officially adopting a currency board.8 This move ensured that the peso and the U.S. dollar both circulated freely and in conformity with the law at a 1-to-1 exchange rate.9 In a bid to prevent the government from printing excessive money, the total currency flowing inside the country was rigorously indexed to the number of dollars in the custody of the central bank. The currency board succeeded in bringing back public confidence in the economic system. Secure in the confidence that their monetary possessions (assets, savings and investments) could be converted into U.S dollars at a one-to-one rate, the peso began to be used freely and without apprehension by both Argentines as well as foreigners working in Argentina.10 The second incident took place in May 1995. Carlos Menem, one of the architects of the currency board, was re-elected as

The guarantee of freedom of (and from) religion in America Assignment

The guarantee of freedom of (and from) religion in America - Assignment Example For example, the government is prohibited from enacting laws that aid any religion or establish an official state religion. All this is in a bid to achieve the separation of the state and church at both the state and national levels of government. In the Everson v. Board Education, the court provided a list of activities that violate the establishment and are prohibited by the First Amendment (National Paralegal College 1. They include: the setting up of a state church; the passing of laws which particularly aid one religion or aid religions generally; the forcing of or influencing of persons to attend or not attend church; the punishing of individuals for ascribing to particular beliefs or disbeliefs or for not attending or attending church; the levying of taxes to support religious activities or institutions and; the participation of government in religious organizations or participation in government by religious organizations. The Free Exercise clause is a provision that guarantees an individual the right to propagate or practice a religion without interference by government. Several activities violate the free exercise clause. First, if the purpose of any government action or state law is singling out religion for adverse treatment or hindering or discriminating against a particular religion, then it amounts to a violation of the free exercise clause. ... In Engel v. Vitale in 1962, the Supreme Court termed as unconstitutional a prayer recommended to be part of the public school curriculum in New York State. The Supreme Court struck the prayer down as unconstitutional. In Lemon v. Kurtzman in 1971, a three-pronged test known as the Lemon test was established to determine if a statute is in violation of the establishment clause. Students in public schools are not allowed to recite prayers. However, the practice of a legislature by the state to open its sessions with a nondenominational prayer that is recited by a chaplain has managed to withstand constitutional challenges. In Marsh v. Chambers in 1983, the Supreme Court made a ruling that such a practice was not in violation of the establishment clause (LII 3). In Edwards v. Aguillard in 1987, the Supreme Court struck down a Creationism Act in Louisiana that prevented the teaching of evolution in public schools. This issue still creates debate even today regarding creationism and evolu tion. Other key rulings include Lynch v. Donnelly, West Virginia State Board of Educatio v. Barnette, Wisconsin v. Yoder, and United States v. Lee. 3. What does Tocqueville observe with relevance to these matters? Tocqueville approaches the issue of religion in a pragmatic manner. Tocqueville observes that the American society has a scarce history of state-church alliance. Also, it has a constitutional guarantee against this alliance. Despite this, the American society is extremely open to religious practice’s favorable influences. In his observations, Tocqueville (1) notes that all Christian groups propound a similar morality which is based on loving God and loving their neighbors. This means that they all agree that man has duty to other men.

The Entire Revamped E-Marketing Effort Through the Linked Term Paper

The Entire Revamped E-Marketing Effort Through the Linked - Term Paper Example PR Smith (2006) puts the marketing plan and the SOSTAC model in the strategic perspective when it states the following, â€Å"Finally, one question that commonly arises: Where would you put Target Markets, Marketing Mix and Positioning in SOSTAC? The answer is that Target Markets pop up almost everywhere. Target Markets are so important that once you have identified them in the objectives, they pop up all over a marketing plan - in the situation analysis, objectives, strategy, tactics and so on. A summary of the current marketing mix and positioning will appear in the Situation Analysis under a 'review' section. The future mix and positioning and target markets are often summarized under Strategy and explained in detail under Tactics†. Literature has been predicting healthy growth rates for the home furniture markets. Healthy growth rates imply that such rates are neither spectacular nor very low. â€Å"With an estimated value of over  £210 million in 2005, the home office furniture market is forecast to maintain reasonably healthy growth rates in the short-medium term, depending on external economic and other micro market factors. (Home,2006) In terms of looking at the trends in the demand for the products; the trends that have emerged from early 2000 have been consolidating and repeating themselves over the years. While the last 7 years trends have indicated that the customers preferred elegance combined with simplicity and space and cost-effectiveness; a newer refinement has been in terms of modern designs that are durable and long lasting. â€Å"In terms of NPD, stylishness is likely to be big.

Operation management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Operation management - Essay Example We also can customize the wrapping papers and cards with names or a special message etc. Financing will directly come from the financial resources of Mouza. II. Executive Summary The Bows and Ribbons is a unique business that offers services to clients that do not have time or the skills to wrap their own gifts. The uniqueness of the business will gather enough interest to produce a mass base clientele that would be enough to create a fad. Straight forward direct network marketing will be used to ensure that the knowledge about Bows and Ribbons are heard by successful women in the country. Prudent innovations and a good portfolio of designs shall be compiled to ensure that references are available for the women who do not have enough time to think of gifts much more its wrapping and bows. III. Industry Outlook, Forecast & Trends Somebody is being born everyday thus the number of potential clients are the relatives and acquaintances of the people who have a birthday for a particular d ay. Women in urban centers, most especially men in the metropolitan area normally career women who may not have the time to shop much more to wrap their own gifts. ... Competitive Advantage Our service has many advantages in compare to our competitors. The first advantage is that it’s a mobile gift-wrapping store which makes our consumer save time, the store comes to their house instead of them going to the store. The second advantage is that we have compatible prices although it’s a home service. We provide the best quality with very reasonable prices. The third advantage is that we offer latest designs of gift-wrapping material that are not found anywhere else in the Emirates because it’s imported from outside the UAE. The last advantage is that we can customize the gifts. The clients can have any name printed on the wrapping paper or on the cards. IV. Description of Value The innovative component of our service, is that we are the first mobile gift store in the UAE. We give our customers the opportunity of staying at home and having the best wrapping service at the same time. The second innovative component is that we have a small printer that can customize cards, ribbons and wrapping paper we also can engrave names on boxes. In addition, the materials we use have a high quality and have the latest designs and we constantly offer new trends of wrapping. We can do flower arrangements as well, which makes us two-in-one, a mobile gift-wrapping store and a mobile flower shop. V. Operational Plan Bows and Ribbon will maintain two vans that will be deployed to client sites. Calls or even facebook messages will be entertained to send the vans. Payments will also be collected by the driver of the vans including the person who specialize in gift wrapping. VI. Marketing Plan The strategy is to make the most number of women aware of our services and the quality of our services.

History of Coca Cola Essay Example for Free

History of Coca Cola Essay About the Company: The first signs of the Coca-Cola Company started out in Atlanta in 1886 when a pharmacist named John Pemberton developed a caramel colored carbonated drink and sampled it to customers. Soon after, the drink was for sale at five cents a glass, selling about nine glasses a day in the local pharmacy. After Pemberton’s death in 1888, an Atlanta businessman named Asa Griggs Candler, secured the rights to Coca-Cola for a total of $2300 and it was at this time that Coca-Cola transformed from an invention into a business. Over the next several years, through coupons, advertisement, and sampling, the demand for Coca-Cola continued to grow making it necessary to open syrup plants in Chicago, Dallas, and Los Angeles. In 1899, two lawyers secured the rights from Candler to sell Coca-Cola in portable bottle sized serving, as opposed to only being offered in the soda fountains. Not realizing the popularity bottles would have, Candler sold the rights for just one dollar. Going into the new century, Coca-Cola continued to see rapid growth moving into other countries including Canada, Panama, Puerto Rico, France, and Cuba to name a few. From having just two bottlers in 1990, Coca-Cola had almost 1000 bottlers in 1920. Over the next twenty year, focus was on introducing the beverage around the world with much success. After 70 years of success with Coca-Cola, the company began introducing other flavored beverages including Fanta ®, Tab ®, Fresca ®, and Sprite ®. The company’s presence was growing more and more internationally in countries such as Cambodia, Turkey, and Paraguay. In1971, the company was selected to be the only company allowed to sell packaged cold drinks in The Peoples Republic of China. During the 1980’s, Diet Coke was introduced and the company made an attempt at developing a new improved formula for Coca-Cola. While this had good test panel results, when the new formula was introduced on the market, the public begged for the old formula to be reinstated. The public opinion eventually won and Coca-Cola Classic was back on the shelves. The 1990’s  brought other new beverages to the line up including Dasani ® bottled water, Powerade ® sports drink, and Barq’s ® root beer. The company continued to move into other countries including East Germany and India. By 1997, the company was up to over 1 billion servings of their product a day and continually growing. Coca-Cola started out as an experiment in a pharmacy selling just nine glasses a day and now has over 500 brands world wide selling over 1.7 billion servings per day. Even with the tough economy, Coca-Cola has continued its growth and remains to be a beverage that consumers reach for da ily, not just in the United States, but all over the world.

Disadvantages Of Watching Television English Literature Essay

Disadvantages Of Watching Television English Literature Essay This article talks about the disadvantages of watching television and the reality television shows, in this article the author is trying to say that there are a lot of disadvantages of watching television. There are many of disadvantages they are: it makes the person who is watching to increase heaviness because of always sitting in front of the television not doing anything else. Second it makes you misuse your time, as instead of not making a very useful things and habits or even sports you keep stuck to watching and this makes you devastate a lot of time. Third , it promotes compliance as when teenagers of children are watching these reality television it makes them stay and dont encourage them to have a purpose in their life so it encourages passivity. The author aim in this article is to deliver and focus on the disadvantages of television. He addresses the message to especially teens and children and this source is very useful in the research. Karger, Jillian. The Effects of Watching Reality TV Shows.EHow. 25 Feb. 2010 In this article the Jillian karger is talking about the effects of the reality television shows on people. She says that it has a lot of effects, some of these effects are that the improbable outlook that people would believe that life is so vivid and that life should be full of performance and that is not in the real life so, this is improbable opportunity. Also, the lack of isolation that the people are in this reality TV has no privacy everyone is watching so there is nothing private everything is shown on television. Also, there is diversion as when the people watch these reality shows they feel that all what they see in these reality shows are reality and after that they dont want to live the real life they are living as it is not like the life they are seeing in these reality shows. It also, makes you wish bad luck others. The purpose of the article is to make the audience know the effects of watching these reality television shows on the teens and all the people watching these reality television shows. The author is addressing the teens and the children because they are the most sectors of people in the society who are watching these reality television shows so the author is trying to make them know that there are a lot of effects of watching reality shows. B. Slocum, Charles. The Real History of Reality TV. Wga. 25 Feb. 2010 In this article the author says when and where and how the first reality television started and who were the people watching it mainly the author in this article is giving a historical background for the reality television as the people who are interested in the issue of reality television, the author is providing them with information to know more about this issue. The author said that when reality television first started it was captured with cameras and it started first people loved it very much and they were enjoying watching these reality television shows and that there were a lot of people who were loving to watch these shows. After that, these shoes were developed until they are seen as today in the television and there are a lot of people who are really very interested in these shows nowadays. The author in this article is delivering the message to all the person the author is trying to make the people who are reading this article get informational background. In this article the author purpose is to make people know more information about this issue. Reality Television Introduction. Enotes. 25 Feb. 2010 The article is talking about introduction to reality television and some of the historical back ground about the reality television. The article is talking about what is reality television and why it started and why is people interested in it. What really makes people very interested and entertained when watching these reality television shows may be they are having fun when they are seeing people in their daily life and how they face challenges and live in their own life and can begin a new life and make challenges and be very successful. This maybe giving them experience in their lives. In the article the purpose is to make the audience just think whether the reality television is good and worth watching or not. Also, to know these shows what is the benefit from watching them and spending a lot of time in front of the television just watching people leading day by day in their life? The author is addressing the message to all the people. The Reality TV Controversies.Case Studies.25 Feb. 2010 In this article the author tries to focus on the advantages and disadvantages of the reality television as to make the audience know what are the pros and cons of reality television. the author says that reality television has lots of disadvantages as first it has no privacy as people who are in these reality shows everyone is watching them and their steps as if they are in public so there is no privacy for them , also it makes people   who are in this reality television really ashamed as everyone is watching them and every step they are making. The author didnt forget also to talk about the advantages of reality television he said that may be this reality television gives the audience some experience from the daily life challenges and people they are watching how leading their daily life challenges, I can also makes them gain some entertainment and time of fun as it makes them some how happy from watching these reality shows. the purpose of this article is that the author want to deliver the message of that there are a lot of pros and cons for reality television. He delivers the message to especially the teens who are addicted to watching these reality shows. Ethics and Reality TV.Atheism. 25 Feb. 2010 in the article the author is trying to ask a very important question , this question is should people watch these reality television shows or not . some people think that watching these reality shows is really important to get entertainment and to get experience from the challenges and live of people they are watching and that will make them better and know how to take right decisions in their lives and to think right. Others think that it is just very bad shows as they make people humiliated and feeling bad and they think that this makes also people watching make bad habits like wishing bad luck to some people. All of these reasons makes the author raise this question to the audience just to make them think of the issue in a very serious way to watch these shows or not and to know the advantages and disadvantages of it , the good and the bad points to be able to know the pros and con of this issue . the author is addressing his article to the teens.  Ã‚   Sears, Alan. Whats real about Reality TV?New socialist. 25 Feb. 2010 In this article the author says that Reality TV is a type that combines basics of talk show, game show, vulgar pseudo-anthropology and pro wrestling. It traces the actions of non-actors placed in various situations facing set challenges. The success of Survivor played a big role in initiation the genre in North America. It was popular enough to make voted off the island a part of our everyday language. The success of Reality TV was driven first by commercial considerations. What makes these shows popular to producers is in part the same process of reorganization to force up proceeds that we are considering in all kinds of workplaces. It involves the use of new technology and work restructuring to deskill the workforce and valve into cheaper work sources. Reality TV is very cheap to make, requiring fewer writers and actors than customary indoctrination while making use of incomplete sets and fixed cameras for at least some of the action. It is a big profit centre for the networks, whi ch are facing increased opposition in the digital age. The purpose of the author in this article is that to know the introduction of reality television and he discuss the introduction of reality television. He addresses all the people In the society. Reality TV Gives Contestants a New Reasonto Smile.Perio. 25 Feb. 2010 In addition to treating the periodontal disease, the patients smile may also get better. This is significant because a smile is often one of the first things people notice about another person. When examination people on television be given a whole change, its clear that the look of the persons smile can greatly influence their self-worth. I see this in my perform everyday. Now that Americans are living longer, superficial operation has become more popular. spoken artificial operation has also felt this trend as it has knowledgeable a important shift toward cosmetic-related surgery to help improve the smile. Excessive gum tissue can create a gummy smile, but the periodontist can perform a crown expansion process to remove excess gum tissue and expose an ideal smile. on the other hand, a persons teeth may appear too long if their gums have receded or shrink. This can often be corrected with soft tissue graft events. Dental implants, an artificial tooth root placed into the jaw to hold a replacement tooth or bridge can be used to replace missing teeth. Wieczorek, mark. Reality TV Faked? So What?Markzilla. 25 Feb. 2010 Apparently talk shows and reality television are some how the same s reality television is that these reality television and talk shows has a lot of advantages and disadvantages as these can make people make smile and make them happy and also it can make them gain money and these reality television shows will be a negative points of views as there will be a lack of privacy as what will be made on the television will not all be real and there will be a lck of privacy.

The Current And Future Prospect Of Accor Hotels Tourism Essay

The Current And Future Prospect Of Accor Hotels Tourism Essay This proposal is to put into action and find new instructions of business by using over the last three years economic and profitable performance to characterize the answers. The suggestion seeks different essentials of business performance, such as: marketing development; Crisis management; and Functional level strategy of Accor Hotels to categorize the results. The outcome shows with the purpose of Accor Hotels are performing well in the past three years company performance. But still, there are a number of improvements are necessary in industry growth. Crisis Management needs to be compulsory that can helps the organisation to perform more effectively. Analysing the Past trends and issues that causes the crisis related to the organization and businesses are able to stop, manage, or moderate the belongings of crises in the future. Accor have opportunity to develop the business by geographical extension around the world. Market development strategy focusing in particularly at Asian and pacific region that has future development like constructing Accor brands like Suite Hotel and Motel6. That gives strength and also helps to geographical extension of the company in order to attain the customer satisfaction and brand image. Accor should have functional level strategy in human resource management that are rewarding and motivating the employees, customers and reselling by various methods like Gift vouchers, prepaid cards, rewards to enhance the relationships with the customers and employees. Contents Executive Summary: 2 1. Introduction: 4 2. Background of Accor hotels: 4 3. Future Strategy for Accor: 6 3.1 Crisis Management: 6 3.2 Market development: 8 By analyzing the (Table 3) Asian pacific region have a huge growth in Travel and Tourism between 2008- 2018. Where constructing and building of Suite hotel and Motel 6 of Accor brands in Asian and pacific region. Focusing on new customers with the same product and service but in different geographical areas is the Market development. However China and India are the emerging market building more suite hotel and motel 6 for the customers. So, Market development strategy for Accor hotels to develop the geographical extension around the globe. 10 3.3 Functional level Strategy: (Human Resource Management (HRM)) 10 4. Conclusion: 10 5. Reference 11 6. Appendix A 14 Introduction: This report is about the Strategic of Accor Hotels past, current and future prospect. Section one evaluates the background of the Accor hotels in their past three years strategies between 2007-2009.Section two, it will be the future strategies that will consider the Internal and external Issues and trends on the hotel with SWOT analysis. Finally, it concludes and summaries the whole report. Background of Accor hotels: Around the world Accor is one of the foremost hotel operator in the world (Accor, 2008a), European organizer in hotels and tourism and the global organizer in Services to business customers and communal organization, Accor works in nearly  100 nation  with extra than  150,000 employees (Accor, 2008a). Past 40 years, it has offer consumers with knowledge get in its two center businesses, Hotels and Service (Accor, 2008a). Hotels: Hotels has a geographically and structurally reasonable business portfolio. Hotel action contains further than  15 corresponding product from comfort to wealth that are recognized and respected around the world for their service value (Accor, 2008a). Accor offers various luxury hotels brands like see Appendix A. Many lodging companies have developed many brands to give out multiple market segments (Jing, Dev, and Rao 2002). Service: It operates over  40 nations; Accor Services plans, expand and handle elevated value-added services for corporation (Accor, 2008a). Accor Services propose  a entire choice of prepaid services  in the region of  worker and community benefits (Accor, 2008a). Accor hotels past and current strategies were evaluated with annual reports of the company and message given by Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of Accor Hotels. In 2006, Accor hotels have increased the number of rooms and available nearly double in 2010. The expansion model of 40,000 rooms per year focuses on organization contracts and franchise Accor (2010a).Accor has preferred  four drivers to distribute the 40,000 new rooms per year by Expanding in Western Europe in Eco and Budget, and by franchise it increase the market share in established markets, Strengthen the location in rising countries, Management networking to expand the upmarket and luxury Accor (2010a). Accor has changed its strategy to focus more on increasing the business through franchising and organization contracts and less on construction of new hotels (Walsh, 2003). Figure 1 Expansions and investment of Accor hotels around the globe. Source: Accor (2010a) The word strategy refers to the wide direction, or holistic point of view, taken by an organization to plan for and make safe its long period goals (Marginson, 1988). Accor introduced acquisition of Motivano software in functional level Strategy of Human resource management (HRM) in the technological developments, which enables online management of employee benefits (Accor 2008b). Rewards and motivation for the employees, Customers and reselling by various methods like Gift vouchers, prepaid cards, Rewards to enhance the relationships with the customers and employees (Accor, 2009a). Kotler (2003) says that it is significant to make an excellent link among customers; and the suppliers in order to develop the issue of consumer faithfulness. Accor have product development for their customers relationship towards the organisation by having a multi brand A| Club loyalty program across the worldwide (Accor 2008b). An expansion method Accor service makes stronger its faculty for technical m odernism with the gaining of Prepay Technologies Ltd. The achievement of Prepay Technologies makes stronger for Accor Services management and expands its collection of stuff and services in the UK (Accor, 2007b). Accor focus strategy on French Polynesia for leisure travelers. It presents visitors the possibility to treat individuals with the crucial in leisure and luxury at three of its limited resorts in French Polynesia. Accor hotels are focusing particularly on the Le Spa at Sofitel, Sofitel Bora Bora Beach Resort and Sofitel Motu Bora Bora, a private island in French Polynesia (PR Log, 2007). Divertiture Strategy says that Selling a division or part of an organization (David, 2009). During 2007 Accor sold out 30 hotel properties in the United Kingdom for à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬711 million (Accor, 2007a). Because due to economic crisis and loss (Accor, 2007b). In product development Accor service start on UUB Premium card in the United Kingdom and the Commuter Check card in the United States (Accor 2008b). That helps to hold the customers and employees within the organisation. Accor Hospitality is to promote all its brands, collectively. That has various ranges of Facilities and low prices. That i nitially target business travelers and leisure break customers (Marketing magazine, 2009). Accor Hotels had a Net Loss of à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬282 million due to the economic crisis and restructure costs totalling à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬514 million (Accor, 2010). Future Strategy for Accor: 3.1 Crisis Management: A crisis is the perception of an unpredictable event that threatens important expectancies of stake holders and can seriously impact on organizations performance and generate negative outcomes Coombs (2007: 2-3). Meyers (1986) categorized disaster into main belongings on community perceptions, product failures, sudden changes in the marketplace and changes in top administration. Meyers as well argue that crises can be caused by troubles with financing, business relations, take-overs, global events and changes in rules and policy. For example, following the 9/11 attacks, most of the political and media debate on terrorism has decided on avoidance policies (Kahn and Weiner, 2002). Economic impact of 9/11 is sensibly incalculable; though the global travel and tourism council has approximate reduce of the travel and tourism demand worldwide to be 10%. This compare to the jobs loss of 8.8 million people worldwide including airlines, hotels and tour operators, generate a 1.7% decline of wh ole GDP for the global wealth. They were two different viewpoints about concerning crisis management. One group of Researchers (e.g., Perrow 1984; Gephart 1984) argued that crises are repeated and not avoidable; whereas others (e.g., Mitroff, Pearson, and Harrigan 1996; Roberts 1990) contended that in attendance are conduct through which association can stop, run, or moderate the belongings of crises. Accor, which function the Sofitel, Ibis and Novotel brands in the UK, said it will cut 10% of its staff at its French head offices as it seem to make a 15% decrease in maintain costs due to the crash of the unprecedented worldwide crisis (Sharkey,2009). But Parsons (1996) put forward three categories of crises: 1. Immediate crises: Everywhere small or negative caution survives hence organizations are not capable to examine the crisis or arrange a preparation ahead of the problem or disaster strikes. 2. Emerging crises: These crises are identified and possibly it can be blocked or restricted through business act. 3. Sustained crises: This possibly will carry on for weeks, months or still for longer duration. The Bali terror operations in 2002 probably lost Indonesia half a million Visitors and $4.0 billion in revenue.  And also in Jakarta hotels bombed in 17 July 2009 (Telegraph, 2009). Hotels in Indonesia have been bombed which leads to afraid tourists will go to some other nation now, and hotels will have to expend a buttload more money on security to try to calm those panicky travellers down (Telegraph, 2009). In Mumbai, terrorist attacks train situation, a hospital, a cafà © and two hotels locations used by foreigners as well as local businessmen and leaders (BBC News 2008). It results in Negative travel advisories on India around various countries. According to the Federation of Hotels and Restaurant Association of India Booking by overseas travellers mainly from U.S and Europe comes down by 40% to 60% (Singh, 2008). According to Kash and Darling (1998) crisis prevention and planning can be managed by the following tools, strategic forecasting, contingency planning, issues analysis, scenario analysis. This prevention and planning are helpful to manage the crisis that affects the organization. According to Mitroff crisis can be prevented, manage, or moderate t he effects of crises in the organization will helpful for the future crisis to be prevented. Accor should provided security to their visitors is unavailable very seriously, Sofitel Brussels Europe is endowed with a video recorder observation system communicate by 60 cameras and magnetic keys guarantee secure access to the hotel floors (Accor, 2010c). The Crisis Management Strategy is useful for the organisation of Accor in the future to overcome the economic crisis and threats of the organisation. 3.2 Market development: Suggestion with the intention creates a character designed for an intangible body, products tell to customers feeling (Kim and Kim 2004). According to David, 2009 focusing on new customers with the same product and service but in different geographical areas. Brand justice besides let a group to enlarge and increase the product in a range of marketplace (Maharajan, Rao, and Srivastava, 1994). A hotel brand initially creates an importance for visitors by serving to declare them of a identical stage of excellence (O Neil and xiamo 2006). The table1 shows Accor hotel brands geographic presence in the world, that there is a huge opportunities for start business in emerging market like Asia and Pacific regions. Because they have Table 1 Accor hotel brands geographic presence in the world BRAND EUROPE MIDDLE EAST AFRICA ASIA PACIFIC NORTH AMERICA LATIN AMERICA TOTAL Total 2,310 143 402 1,076 174 4,111 Sofitel 34 24 45 9 9 121 Pullman 25 5 15 _ 1 46 Novotel 264 20 85 7 19 395 Mercure/MGallery 483 30 105 _ 81 699 Suite hotel 24 2 _ _ _ 26 all seasons 42 _ 33 _ _ 75 Ibis 691 31 80 _ 59 861 Motel 6 _ _ _ 1001 _ 1,001 Unbranded hotels 22 7 15 0 1 45 Source: Adapted from Accor (2010a) Construction of Suite hotel and Motel 6 in Asia Pacific region, that has largest volume of Travel Tourism Demand in the future prospective and increase the market place and exceeding the geographical perspectives around the globe. World Travel and Tourism Council (WTTC) says that, Table2. China has climbed two places by beating Japan and Germany and it occupied the second position. Travel Tourism service is lead by China (WTTC, 2008). Table3: Over the next one decade, the image will change to some extent as emerging tourism markets start to gather greater benefits from their investment in Travel Tourism development. whereas the USA, China, Japan and Germany will keep their current top four slots in terms of total Travel Tourism Demand (in absolute terms), India will be the worlds number one in terms of yearly growth in Travel Tourism require between 2008 and 2018, averaging 9.4% per annum ahead of China, Libya, Vietnam and Montenegro (WTTC, 2008). Table 2 Countries expected to generate the largest volume of Travel Tourism Demand (TTD) in 2008 TTD, S.No Countries (US$ bn) 1 USA 1,747.5 2 China 592.0 3 Japan 514.3 4 Germany 505.7 5 France 418.8 6 UK 403.7 7 Spain 338.2 8 Italy 302.9 9 Canada 231.4 10 Mexico 157.6 Source: WTTC, 2008. Table 3 Expected countries growth in Travel Tourism Demand between 2008 and 2018: S.No Countries 2008-18 (% annualised real growth) 1 India 9.4 2 China 8.9 3 Libya 8.1 4 Vietnam 8.1 5 Montenegro 7.4 6 Romania 7.1 7 Macau 7.1 8 Namibia 6.9 Source: WTTC, 2008. By analyzing the (Table 3) Asian pacific region have a huge growth in Travel and Tourism between 2008- 2018. Where constructing and building of Suite hotel and Motel 6 of Accor brands in Asian and pacific region. Focusing on new customers with the same product and service but in different geographical areas is the Market development. However China and India are the emerging market building more suite hotel and motel 6 for the customers. So, Market development strategy for Accor hotels to develop the geographical extension around the globe. 3.3 Functional level Strategy: (Human Resource Management (HRM)) Hotels are the most important components in tourism business and Human resource issues exist dangerous to examine value, and revolve the answer to global competitive (Jones and Haven- Tang, 2005). The significance of trouble describing to skills deficiency for the hospitality sector is clearly shown by (Zhang and Wu, 2004:425). Zhang and Wu observed that in China the qualified candidate have to be promoted by the hotelier to handle the decision-making or administrative tasks. So by rewarding and motivating to the employees, customers and reselling by various methods like Gift vouchers, prepaid cards, rewards to enhance the relationships with the customers and employees. Conclusion: The evaluation of past three years annual report, environmental opportunities and threads is set up much helpful information about the conditions of Accor Hotels located in all over the world. However, it is essential for the organization to think again to put into practice the necessary strategic performance for the future business development. The Current trends and issues faced by the Tourism and Hospitality organisation in Crisis thats hits both the economic and the Organization background. So Accor hotels should have the Crisis Management strategy to overcome the threats like terrorism and issues like recession that they have currently facing. And Accor have an opportunity to expand their geographic existence in the Asian pacific region by focusing on the new segmented customers. Accor are increasing the rooms per year for the customer to retain with their strong portfolio in nature. Accor have weakness in man power shortage that can be solved by the future Functional level stra tegy that is managed by Human Resource Management. Rewarding and motivating of staffs in the organisation.

Torn and Confused, but I love You Essay -- Love Letters Dating Email R

Dear Michael, Love has taught me and has changed me since we've met. I knew you were the only man I have ever really loved and the only man I ever wanted to be with for the rest of my life. From the start I could see us together and I could hear my heart say, "I am going to marry him". I was shocked, but I was happy. Then my head and ego got in the way and my false pride took over and I played games. I began to see all the things about you that I wanted to change. False pride made me feel afraid that you did not love me and this caused me to feel insecure. Then ego gave you the "love test" and of course you failed. Now I know that false pride does not trust and ego does not know true love. When my expectations grew, my egotistical, selfish personality took over and my love for you...

Christopher Marlowes Dr. Faustus - The Folly of Dr. Faustus Essay exam

Christopher Marlowe's Dr. Faustus - The Folly of Dr. Faustus Christopher Marlowe's tragedy of Dr. Faustus envelops a realm of theological issues around one man's quest for knowledge. Feeling a university education to be inadequate for his purposes, Faustus makes the ultimate sacrifice possible to quench his thirst for otherworldly wisdom. Yet even though he gains amazing powers and a broad reputation as a man in the know, his quest is incomplete. He actually learns very little. The nature of knowledge involves both the ability to recall facts, dates, events etc. and also the power to assimilate this new information and assign it the appropriate value. When Faustus signs away his soul to Lucifer to gain the service of Mephastophilis, he really gains no knowledge of himself. It could be argued that Mephastophilis provides books and takes Faustus to far off lands which in a way enriches the doctor's facilities. Yet through their companionship, Faustus comes to rely entirely on Mephastophilis to impress or poke fun at the esteemed men he meets. To be sure, Faustus gains wide...

With close reference to the text explore what the stories of Crooks :: English Literature

With close reference to the text explore what the stories of Crooks and Curley's wife reveal of the attitudes, culture and society amongst farm workers in 1930's America. With close reference to the text explore what the stories of Crooks and Curley's wife reveal of the attitudes, culture and society amongst farm workers in 1930's America. In 1930s America there was a Great Depression and people were finding themselves without work. Many flyers were sent out to the unemployed telling them that there was work in California. Hundreds travelled to California, hoping to find work but soon found that the employers had lied and there were few jobs to be found. 'Of Mice and Men' is a story about two men called Lennie and George who are migrant workers that travel around California trying to make themselves enough money to buy a small plot of land. The reasons that they have not settled anywhere is that Lennie is often getting them in trouble and they are forced to leave and find work elsewhere. Lennie is a simple minded character, who has the mind of a child in the body of a man. Although Lennie is lacking in brains he makes up for it with his strength and has a unique combination of strength and innocence. Lennie's simple mind means that he relies heavily on George, who is wise and intelligent. George is a good judge of people's characters and a good worker; he is modest and doesn't want any trouble. George takes a lot of responsibility for Lennie and tries o teach him to control his strength and keep him out of trouble. In the end George has to make an important decision about Lennie and there is no way to change the results. Although George and Lennie are the main characters in the book I will be concentrating on two minor characters, they are Crooks and Curley's wife. Although they seem to be less important than George and Lennie they are the most successful at showing us the culture and attitudes of the people in the 1930s. Crook is mainly effective at showing societies opinions on cripples and those of a different race, whilst Curley's wife portrays the situation of women. Together I am able to obtain a considerable amount of information on attitudes, culture and society amongst farm workers in 1930s America. The character of Crooks plays an important role in the book 'Of Mice and Men' because Steinbeck is able to show through Crooks the racial situation of the time. By using a character to portray attitudes towards others of a different race, Steinbeck can include the feelings

Cat Dissection Lab Report Essay

At the conclusion of the cat dissection, you will be required to submit a formal report. The format for this will differ from that of the osteoporosis lab report because the dissection is used as an opportunity to review structure and function for the major systems rather than to test a hypothesis and draw a conclusion. Please the following information as a guideline for compiling the lab report. Only one lab report per group is required. You do not have to answer the questions listed during the actual dissection, but you should be familiar with what is being asked of you before beginning. The lab must be typed and divided into sections according to systems (Meaning each system will be individually labeled like you would label a section of any other lab (materials, methods etc). You may divide the labor among group members, but the work should be compiled as a single document before being turned in. The front page of the lab report should include the names of all group members as wel l as the date submitted. You do not need a separate title page. Note: If group members are working on sections individually please be consistent with margins (1 inch or less), line spacing (single or 1.5) font size (12pt or less) and font used throughout the document. The document should not look like it was pieced together randomly at the time of submission. Keep in mind that each group member is responsible for knowing all information in the lab report. Please note that you will be writing about and also observing some systems we have not yet covered. This will require you to reference your book or another source for information to complete the lab report. Please include citations for any sources used (this includes information about systems that have been covered in class). You should consider the assignment an opportunity to begin preparing for the final exam. The hard copy of this report is due to me by Friday, April 15th. (It must also be submitted via turnitin.com before 11:59pm on April 15th) Any time you are asked to diagram the system you are working through, you must label the structures in the diagram. For any of the diagrams in the lab report, you may include pictures (using your phone or a camera) of your dissection instead of an act ual drawing. If you  choose to take pictures of the cat, you may label the structures with tags and dissecting pins at the time of dissection if time permits or you may go back and label the pictures after pasting them in your report. The photos may be embedded into the associated sections or attached at the end of the document as an appendix. Hand-drawn diagrams will have to be attached at the end as an appendix. If your diagrams will be in an appendix, they should be referenced in the appropriate section. The lab report should look like this: (It will be longer than three pages!) Essential System Structures to Include : Lymphatic Spleen, bone marrow, lymph nodes, thymus gland, tonsils Digestive Mouth/tongue, pharynx, larynx, Esophagus, stomach, S.I., L.I., rectum, salivary glands, liver, gallbladder, pancreas Cardiovascular Heart, aorta, vena cava, pulmonary arteries, pulmonary veins, coronary arteries, cardiac veins, brachial artery & vein, carotid artery, jugular vein, renal vein, iliac artery & vein, femoral artery & vein, hepatic portal system Urinary Kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra Respiratory Larynx, Trachea, Bronchi, Lungs (bronchioles & alveoli) SYSTEM REQUIRED INFORMATION YOUR PTS External Features Discuss two interesting observations/discoveries (2) Define: vibrissae, pinnae, tori (3) Skeletal Distinguish between the axial and appendicular skeleton in terms of structure and function (4) Muscular (NOTE: Includes questions about endocrine & lymphatic systems) Describe two interesting observations/discoveries; take note of muscle layers. (2) Define: tendon, origin, insertion and superficial fascia (4) Explain the purpose of both thyroid gland and lymph nodes (4) Describe how the endocrine system works as one of the two major controlling systems in the body. Be sure to discuss its means of communication, length of effect and response time. In addition, outline an example of a feedback mechanism involving the endocrine system. (4) Identify the main structures of the lymphatic system and describe their functions. (3) Digestive (NOTE: Questions may be grouped together and do not need to be answered in the order listed). Describe two interesting observations/discoveries (2) Diagram labeled with major digestive structures/organs (5) Describe the functions of the major digestive organs (6) Describe the diaphragm and identify its function (2) Identify the location & function of the epiglottis. (2) What is peristalsis and what is its function? (2) Explain the function of sphincters and identify some places they are located. (2) What is chyme? How is it produced? (2) Why are the small and large intestines labeled as they are? (2) Where is the gallbladder in relation to the liver? Why? (2) Explain the importance of bile. How and at what point does it enter the digestive system? (2) Respiratory Describe two interesting observations/discoveries. (2) Diagram the Respiratory System. (3) Describe the functions of the structures of the respiratory system (3) Cardiovascular Diagram of the heart (Include chambers, valves & major vessels) (6) Diagram tracing the path of circulation in the adult mammalian heart. You may do a separate flow chart or build this off of your heart diagram. (5) Describe two interesting observations/discoveries. (2) Discuss the structures of the Cardiovascular System (including major veins & arteries serving the body) & describe their functions/locations served. (9) How are blood vessels named? (2) Urogenital Describe two interesting observations/discoveries. This would be an ideal place to discuss reproductive structures. (2) Diagram the urinary system – four structures to include. (2) Describe the function of each urinary structure. As in the labeling, there are four main structures that you need to include in the answer to this question. (2) Nervous Describe how the nervous system works as one of the two major controlling systems in the body. Discuss its means of communication, length of effect, and response time. Outline an example of a feedback mechanism involving the nervous system. (4) Describe the difference between the central and peripheral nervous system in terms of function and structures. Describe the pathway that communication within the nervous system would follow from a receptor to an effector. (4) NOTE: We will not be looking a nervous system structures. If time permits, you may attempt to extract and view the brain. If you choose to do so, please note that opening the skull is often a difficult task, especially avoiding damage to the brain in the process. Please use extreme caution.)

Silver linings playbook

Pat comes home after being at a mental facility into the care of his mother Dolores and his father Pat Sr. after eight months of treatment for bipolar disorder. He returns home with a hard set goal in mind. He will do whatever it takes in order to win his wife Nikki back, who currently has a restraining order against him. While visiting at a friends house Pat meets Tiffany, a recent widow and fellow neurosis sufferer. Tiffany is the key to Pat learning to move forward and away from his past, but Tiffany herself as many issues to work through.When we first meet Tittany it is clear that while sne is still troubled and broken, sne is determined to move forward in life and forgive her own mistakes. She has learned to accept herself at this point, flaws and all, even if she doesn't necessarily have a great opinion of herself. Tiffany is an extremely strong woman though. She has accepted herself and therefore refuses to apologize or make excuses for her sadness and what actions manifest fr om it. Tiffany has sunken into a deep depression following the death of her husband.The movie gave a detailed look into Tiffanys illness, and yet never outright names what can be deduced as depression. The movie alludes that there is something besides depression that plagues her. It tells of the side effect, which with Tiffany suffers the most from. The disorder instigates her sex drive to turn on and off. Just before her husbands passing this was negatively affecting her marriage. Following his death, Tiffany misguides her guilt into a self-absorbed lifestyle of promiscuity. Preceding the movie, Tiffany is fired from her Job for having ex with everyone she works with.It is shown in the movie how men still show up at her parent's front door in attempts to â€Å"get-together† with her. Her family suffers from the shame as the town garners glaring repugnance towards Tiffanys actions. We are shown the pained and humiliated looks on her parent's faces as her â€Å"suitors† come knocking at their door looking for her. Tiffany still goes about her business in a completely unabashed way which emphasizes the chronic emptiness that has been consuming her. It is when Pat witnesses what these men are there for that something s done about it.This scene depicts Pats reaction, in which he sends them away and is outraged that these men could seek to use this nice girl for their own gratification. As Tiffany eavesdrops she observes Pats high opinion of her, which is something she hasn't had for awhile and his regard for her advances her own for herself. As mentioned earlier Tiffany shows apparent symptoms of depression. Even before the death of her husband she was suffering from the DSM-IV TR symptoms of depressed mood and a decreased interest and pleasure, which had greatly affected her marriage.But it is her subsequent actions that make us seek another diagnosis. As Tiffany opens up to Pat we learn that she has a history of extreme emotional reactions, unstabl e interpersonal relationships, difficulty controlling anger, and impulsive sexual activity. These are DSM-IV criteria for Borderline Personality Disorder. Depression and Borderline Personality Disorder do work hand and hand, so the comorbidity of these disorders is not surprising. There is a scene between Pat and Tiffany where Tiffany plainly demonstrates the act of â€Å"splitting†.Splitting is also alled black and white thinking, which is when a person with Borderline Personality Disorder can only see things as an ideal or the epitome of wrong with no leeway in- between. Identity Disturbance is one of the nine criteria for Borderline Personality Disorder in the DSM-IV and is apparent in Tiffany. The way that she reacts after hearing Pats opinion of her, allows a look in to the distorted and bleak self-view that she has of herself. She becomes close to Pat and the movie depicts how she avoids any possibility that Pat could get back with his ex wife.She doesn't want to risk h im bandoning her. This frantic effort to avoid abandonment is yet another criteria for Borderline Personality Disorder. She is open with Pat about how she has been on medication and how she is in therapy, but right up to the end of the movie we are still lett witn a sense that Tittany still needs a lot ot work to get to a healthy place. Long-term Psychotherapy is generally the clearest route to take when it comes to Borderline Personality Disorder.Medications also help with these disorders by tackling comorbid depression with antidepressants, the paranoia with antianxiety edications and the use of mood stabilizers to help with impulsions and anger. It is said that the medications should be directed at the comorbid symptoms rather than at the borderline personality disorder and its own symptoms, as it is unnecessary to treat the disorder with medication on its own. So in the case of Tiffany I believe it is prudent to medicate her but have the medication be directed at her depression in hopes to stabilize her moods.I agree with the fact that she has been on medication, but I do believe that intense psychotherapy for her Borderline Personality Disorder is eeded. The movie may have ended happy but she still needs a lot of work in terms of how she processes and regulates her emotions. Dialectal Behavioral Therapy is a form of Psychotherapy that focuses in on regulation of emotions through Cognitive Behavioral techniques. The therapy combines the Cognitive Behavior Techniques which help emotions regulation and Reality Testing which focuses on distress tolerance, acceptance and mindful awareness. It is a therapy derived from Buddhist meditation.I believe that the two components of this therapy, individual and group, ill benefit Tiffany in the way of her becoming mindful of others and accepting of herself. It is the most effective form of treatment for Borderline Personality Disorder today and therefore is what I would suggest in regards to long-term therapy for Tiffa ny. The movie leaves us with open eyes toward the idiosyncrasies in people. It highlights how common mental illness is in the eccentrics of its entire cast. The movie brings awareness to mental health issues and portrays Just how frequent and wide-ranging disorders are.

Cultural Considerations in Health Care

Introduction One of the greatest things about nursing is that we have the opportunity to share with different cultures and learn about them. Our patients are complex; they each have their religion, culture, and life choices. Delivering health advice and not knowing much about a patient’s cultural background will influence how the patient may perceive the nurses’ advice.The article that I did my research on was published in 2011, by Perez-Avila, Sobralske and Katz; the name of the article is â€Å"No Comprendo: Practice Considerations When Caring for Latinos With Limited English Proficiency in the United States Health Care System†. In the United States, Hispanics form the largest minority. Most of this community has limited English proficiency; the purpose of this article is to teach us how Hispanics feel when catered to by English only speaking healthcare staff.Summary of the Article The article in my opinion was well written, it provides detailed information in reference to limited English proficient citizens in the United States. An example of how detailed the study is â€Å"One study revealed that only 37% of patients with LEP know it is their legal right to have health services offered in their language by a bilingual provider or through the use of professional interpretation services† (Katz & Pares-Avila, 2011, pg. 160).The author could have done a better job by providing more cultural information in reference to Hispanics; their believes and medical practices. Hispanic families believe that the father of the family is the boss; however the spouse takes care of the children. I must add that this is changing as women are becoming more functional in the work force and as professionals. The article focuses on how due to the lack of communication and cultural competence, a certain percentage of Hispanics do not benefit from the best possible care.In fact, the article states that Hispanics have more unnecessary tests done to them due to the lack of communication with health care providers. Many health care professionals decide to document that the patient’s medical history is not available, rather than finding an interpreter to assist them. The article does a nice job describing how this lack of cultural knowledge impacts the Hispanic culture. I chose this article because I find it interesting and of great help to any nursing and health care professional; I am Hispanic myself and constantly looking for better ways to help my community.I personally see my grandmother struggling whenever she needs to see her physician, as she sometimes does not understand what him and his staff are telling her. On another note nursing is an ever changing career and the Hispanic culture is growing at an enormous rate, becoming culturally competent does not only provide the patient with good care but can make the nurses’ job easier and more rewarding. I do feel that there should be more research on this subject; the b est way to learn about a patient’s cultural beliefs is to ask the patient.I think that the population that the author intended to target is health care professionals; however, I know that any immigrant can benefit from reading this article. Conclusion Culture competence is a quality that any nurse should have. The article that I decided to research refers to the impact that language and different cultures have on a patient’s health. It is the duty of health care professionals to attempt to learn about different cultures and to be sensitive to the way patient’s feel about their beliefs.Once the nurse understands a patient’s beliefs, the plan of care can be adjusted to meet the patient’s individual needs. Reference Pares-Avila, J. A. , Sobralske, M. C. , & Katz, J. R. (2011). No Comprendo: Practice Considerations When Caring for Latinos With Limited English Proficiency in the United States Health Care System. Hispanic Health Care International, 9(4), 159-167. doi:http://dx. doi. org/10. 1891/1540-4153. 9. 4. 159

Letter from Birmingham, Martin Luther King Jr.

Just Arguments in the Battle against Segregation â€Å"If I have said anything in this letter that overstates the truth and indicates an unreasonable impatience, I beg you to forgive me. If I have said anything that understates the truth and indicates my having patience, I beg God to forgive me† (King 301). Martin Luther King Jr. writes an argumentative letter defending demonstrations against segregation. While serving eight days in prison for participating in protests in Birmingham, King writes his famous â€Å"Letter from Birmingham Jail† (293).King is effective at arguing his case because he provides counter arguments, gives many examples of real life situations, and reflects on statements made. King begins by providing background and explaining the true purpose of non-violent direct-action demonstrations. In the letter, King refutes the arguments made by clergy, which were untimely action, breaking laws, direct-actions precipitate violence, extremist, and commended police. King explains that he traveled to Birmingham to participate in non-violent protest against segregation, stating â€Å"injustice anywhere is a threat to justice everywhere† (289).King responds to the clergy by saying, â€Å"your statement†¦ fails to express a similar concern for the conditions that brought about the demonstrations† (289). King continues by explaining the four basic steps of non-violent direct-action, which are: â€Å"collection of the facts to determine whether injustices exist; negotiation; self purification; and direct-action† (290). While providing great detail on the situation and steps taken, King continues to build his argument against the statements made by the clergy. The first statement was that the action taken in Birmingham was untimely.In the letter, King provides great details about the planning and execution of the demonstration, which shows that much thought was placed on the timing of the protest and explained that it was, in fact, not untimely. King uses a very effective method to evoke personal feelings by writing a long list of heart-throbbing experiences of Negro people during segregation (289-292). Next, King refutes the second statement that demonstrators break laws. King explains that â€Å"there are two types of laws: just and unjust† (293). King’s reflecting help the reader understand his arguments (293-294).The third statement from the clergy says the direct-actions precipitate violence. King states he does not advocate breaking the law. However, â€Å"[King] submit[s] that an individual who breaks a law that conscience tells him is unjust, and who willingly accepts the penalty of imprisonment in order to arouse the conscience of the community over its injustice, is in reality expressing the highest respect for law† (294). The fourth statement is condemning the actions in Birmingham as extreme. King counters by providing examples where extreme measures were taking to right an injustice, such as with Abe Lincoln and freeing the slaves (296-297).Finally, King addresses how the clergy commended the police force for keeping order. King responds with examples during the demonstrations in which the police acted inhumane (300-301). By providing considered and well formulated arguments, King is effective at arguing his case against segregation. King addresses any possible counter arguments on his stance and does so in great detail. By reflecting on statements made, King allows the reader to fully understand his arguments and point of view. The â€Å"Letter from Birmingham Jail† is an excellently structured argumentative letter against segregation.

Choctaw Indians Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Choctaw Indians - Essay Example in the Mississippi is comprised of ten communities such as Pearl River, Red Water, Bogue Chitto, Standing Pine, Tucker, Conehatta, Crystal Ridge, and Bogue Homa while the other two located off the Mississippi are on Ripley, Tennessee and the Attala Property. On the other hand, the Choctaws in Oklahoma occupy ten and o ­ne-half counties in the southeastern part of Oklahoma. Their territories are bounded on the north by the South Canadian, Canadian and Arkansas Rivers; the east of their territory is the State of Arkansas, while o ­n the south they are bounded by the Red River. To date, both tribes have a government structures similar to a democratic nation. They both have an Executive, Legislative and Judicial government branches. The Tribal Chief holds the Executive office with judicial authority. The Tribal Council has the Legislative powers of the government. Originating from Mississippi, the Choctaw Indians belong to the Muskhogean family along with the Chickasaws, the Alabama-Koasatis, the Apalachees, the Creeks, the Seminoles, and the Hitchiti-Mikasukis. They were all descendants of the Paleo-Indians. The Paleo-Indians were believed to be the first occupants of North America. These ancestors hunt and farm for their subsistence much similar to how the Choctaws subsist. Another view on the origin of the Choctaws is accounted on their oral history. Two stories have been passed on through generations of Choctaws. The first one tells of how the Choctaws were created along with the other tribes while the second one spotlights how the Choctaws were lead to live in Mississippi. Both stories involve the Nanih Waiya which symbolizes the divine elements mentioned in the stories. Relatively, as shown on the Choctaws’ belief in their stories of origin, reflects their religious nature. Their belief in supernatural beings can be seen in their literary works. Choctaws before the Europeans came, believed in a god named Aba. Along with this god are the good and bad

Sources of Stress and Anxiety in Adolescent Students Study Assignment

Sources of Stress and Anxiety in Adolescent Students Study - Assignment Example Stress is the response or the reaction that a body shows when faced with disturbances that may be external or internal in nature and is actually a process by which one meets the challenges and threats in our daily lives (Myers, 2005). In an adolescent, if stress enhances the learning abilities it is known as good stress (â€Å"Eustress†), but if it inhibits or suppresses the capabilities and inherent potentialities of the adolescent, then it is bad stress (â€Å"Distress†) and must be avoided. An adolescent may face stress owing to parental pressure to excel in their studies, poor time management while organizing studies, while planning for their future which may often be hampered by parental interference, and also often due to impending school report cards and the parental reaction thereafter. This article will examine these causal factors for ‘adolescent stress related to studies’, and will explore its outward manifestations in various ways, like psycholo gical, physiological and social dysfunction in adolescents, and interventions to lessen stress. â€Å"Children are constantly being subjected to stress and conflict in their external environment: from family school and work, and nature; and in their internal environment: from their feelings of anger, anxiety, sadness and loneliness† (Arnold, 52). Stress may manifest itself in various ways, which may in effect cause our bodies to function differently as a reaction to the stressful situation. Khalid in his research papers on adolescent students has shown that over one-third (35.5%) of adolescents have had stress (Khalid, 33-37) while Bawens and Jack in their papers have concluded that adolescent stress comes mostly from school and are related to disproportionate amounts of assignments amounting to huge workload, frequent class examinations, biased behavior of the school teachers and the indignity of lagging behind the school peers in class studies.

Spss8 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Spss8 - Essay Example 2. Is the type of beverage ordered with lunch at a restaurant independent of the age of the customer? A random sample of 309 lunch customers is taken, resulting in the following results. Determine whether the two variables are independent at 95% level of significance. (4 points) The p value is .000, which is lower than 0.05 suggests a relationship between age and type of beverage. The null hypothesis is thus rejected and the conclusion is that type beverage and age are related. 3. In one survey, successful women meeting managers were asked to state their personal definition of success in terms of several categories from which they could select. Thirty-nine percent responded that happiness was their definition, 12% said that sales/profit was their definition, 18% responded that helping others was their definition, and 31% responded that achievement/challenge was their definition of success. Suppose that you want to determine whether men meeting managers felt the same way and took a random sample of men meeting managers, resulting in the data shown. Use the Chi-square test to determine whether the observed frequency distribution of data for men meeting managers is the same as the distribution for women meeting managers. Let ÃŽ ± = .05. (4 points) The test statistics table shows a very small computed Chi-square value 201.56 and a very small p-value 0.00, which is smaller than 0.05. Therefore, H0 is rejected, and hence there is a difference between the successful women and those who were randomly sampled. 4. Is there a relationship between having a lap-top computer and a person’s profession? A survey of 187 managers of three professions: travel manager, lawyers and accountants, was conducted to investigate this question. Results are presented in the following table. Test whether having a lap-top computer is independent of profession at 95% level of significance. (4 points) The p value is

Persuasive Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Persuasive - Research Paper Example These camps, housing more than three-quarters of these people, often lack basic amenities. At most camps raw sewage flows in open channels, contaminating everything. Even in the cities, unemployment and poverty are at extremely high levels, but organizations such as the Red Cross/Red Crescent can only deliver the most basic of humanitarian supplies to the Gaza Strip (BBC). And why can't the Red Cross help these people further? Because the Israeli military has built and guards a tall metal fence around the entire area, as well as maintaining a sea blockade. Even the Egyptian side of the border is largely closed, in an attempt to placate the Israeli government. The only official import crossings are maintained by the Israeli army, and often even humanitarian aid and aid workers are not allowed passage (BBC). This state of affairs only exists due to war. In 1967, during the Israeli-Arab war, Israel took the Gaza Strip from Egyptian control, where it had been since the creation of Israel (BBC). It was not until 1994 that governmental control transferred from the Israelis to the Palestinians, and the Israeli military troops were not removed until 2005 (GazaSiege.org). At that time, according to the Israeli government, the occupation of the Gaza Strip by Israel had ended. Rulings from their Supreme Court show that, officially, they feel they have no further responsibility to the people of Gaza (Shany). But once Hamas won the Palestinian elections, the Israeli military tightened an existing blockade around the area, which prevented transport of people and goods, strangled the economy, and led to a â€Å"humanitarian crisis† in 2008 (BBC) None of this even discusses the twenty-three day â€Å"war† in early during which over a thousand civilians were killed, Israel's response to a Palestinian election result (GazaSiege.org). This blockade needs to be broken, and Gaza truly removed from Israeli control for two main reasons: first, such a blockade violates i nternational treaties about the treatment of occupied territories, and second, because of the obvious danger to the people living there. Israel claims that they have a reason to blockade the Gaza strip, mostly to do with political disagreements with Palestine. Israel has tried to â€Å"isolate† and â€Å"control† the Palestinian political group Hamas through control of supplies and people entering the area as well as intensifying mortar and bombing attacks. They have severely limited access to such necessities as cooking fuel and electricity, and have upheld the legality of such actions. Since Gaza is no longer considered â€Å"occupied† by Israel and its population no longer a â€Å"protected people† under those terms, these restrictions do not constitute internationally prohibited â€Å"collective punishment† but instead fall under supposedly legitimate conventions about restrictions placed between nations which are at war (Shany). However, many agencies and individuals around the world have rallied behind the besieged state, as proved by the attempt in during the first week of July this year to break the sea blockade simply to deliver letters of comfort and medical supplies to the people of Gaza (Torchia). Even Israel's own humanitarian aid agencies find these policies despicable (Shany). As they should! Without the ability to import or export goods, the economy of Gaza is

Three questions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Three questions - Essay Example A research was conducted, on managerial communication in hospital nursing, to identify obstacles and strategies to overcome these barriers. The research study involved the use of a qualitative approach that used 19 nurses from a university hospital. Semi-structured and vignette interviews were used as a mode of collecting data, and thematic analysis was employed as the technique of data analysis (dos Santos et al, 2012). The results garnered from the analysis of the participant nurses’ response to the interview questions provided interesting indicators. The results illustrated that there was fragmentation of work processes, work team involvement, work shifts and resistance to change (dos Santos et al, 2012). To counter these difficulties and challenges, training programs and workshops were held, which were meant to impart the basic and necessary communication skills essential to successful nursing practice. The training covered aspects such as formalization of conduct, communi cation and optimization of communication (Dos Santos et al. 2012). The results were able to illustrate the importance of effective communication in the execution of nursing duties. This is because communication affects the way that change is executed; this is in the sense that effective communication makes it easier for people to accept change. ... A negative attitude will negate their efforts in a manner that will diminish their ability or efforts in carrying out their duties. Attitude determines whether an individual is motivated or not towards their job or other responsibilities they are tasked with executing. In a work situation, the motivational levels of employees towards their work are a significant factor that should be considered by those heading human resource departments (HR) (Oldham & Hackman, 2010). This is because employees are highly motivated to improve operations in the workplace that results into better production of goods and services. HR managers should ensure that the job description of any task, which employees are delegated to, has an element (s) that serves to boost their morale, which translates to a positive attitude in the employee towards their work detail. When employees are given jobs that they deem demeaning or oppressive to them, they develop a negative attitude towards their job. This limits the ir performance, which usually manifests in the quality of the work done at the end of the day (Oldham & Hackman, 2010). To ensure that employees are satisfied with the type of work they are delegated, HR managers should adopt mechanisms of involving their employees in job design and implementation. This gives employee the chance to influence and have a say in matters that affect them directly. Involving employees in job design and implementation helps a firm achieve enhanced employee harmony, satisfaction, loyalty and the overall increase in productivity (Oldham & Hackman, 2010). Maslow’s theory states that humans are driven by their needs that predispose them to self-actualization that motivates

International business Personal Statement Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

International business - Personal Statement Example I believe that through the course I can gain sufficient knowledge to be able to handle such issues and other related problems associated with international business. My previous educational background has also motivated me to apply for this course. I am currently a BA student in this institution, which is relevant to my course because it entails business issues. So far, I have learned a lot about business administration and management, and I would like to widen this knowledge further to the international level. My choice to apply for the course in this school is because as a student here I have known the institution to be an excellent place. The culture of the school and its diversity are great opportunities to reckon, and they blend with my philosophy. The school values development of leaders and creation of knowledge in business issues, and that is exactly what I believe in. Business rocks the world; this institution creates knowledge in business; and I choose to be here. I am hoping to get a positive feedback from you soon. Thank you for your

The Advantages & Disadvantages for Working at P&G Essay

The Advantages & Disadvantages for Working at P&G - Essay Example P&G is restructuring its product portfolio as part of a $10 billion cost-cutting plan. Nearly 100 brands that collectively generate revenue of $2.4 billion are likely to be divested (Kumar). P&G has 23 billion dollar brands in its portfolio which will be retained. The success of a brand restructuring program is to identify and weed out low performing brands and retain the cash cows. P&G is treading on the right path and therefore investors should feel encouraged. The leaner, trimmed down P&G is likely to be more focused, nimble and responsive to customer needs which will help the company in the long run. A.G. Lafley resumed the position of P&G’s CEO in 2013. He had been at the helm of P&G from 2000 to 2009. Thereafter, Bob McDonald steered the P&G ship for four years (Coolidge). Lafley returned as CEO to guide P&G out of the woods. He is presently overseeing a massive restructuring plan (Green). He is committed to reducing costs and increasing efficiency. Lafley’s leadership style is bound to make a profound difference for the business going forward. The incumbent CEO intends to  refocus on innovation; an attribute that helped P&G reach dizzy heights during his first tenure (Coolidge). Lafley is an astute strategist who is willing to take calculated risks. He believes in the philosophy that customer is the boss. Lafley’s assertiveness, creativity and infallible administrative ability have won him many accolades and awards (Ukessays.com). P&G offers job opportunities across functional areas, geographical territories and hierarchical levels. The company offers full-time and part-time jobs, temporary work as well internships. P&G scouts for people who are curious and innovative. People who are able to establish a rapport with other people are seen as potential employees. P&G hires agile people who are prepared to meet the challenges head-on. Employees having these traits mesh well with P&G’s organizational culture and help fuel future growth  of the company. The reasoning test checks the cognitive ability of the candidate.

Trends in HR Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Trends in HR - Coursework Example This cultural differences between two merging organization creates significant complexity for the HR people. It is very important for the HR people to maintain a sense of unity among the workers of the two merging companies. This trends influences lots of changes related with organizational structure and leadership in the organizations. All those changes are dealt with by the HR department only. According to the study of KPMG, mergers and acquisition presents considerable hazards (Napier, 2009, pp. 371-372). All those hazards influence HRM in the organizations. There are several ways through which HR professional can deal with it. HR people can help the leaders of the two companies to agree upon a common set of goals. The HR people can offer rewards to the employees of two merging organizations for successfully finishing their jobs together. HR people can come up with different team building activities between the employees of two different organizations. It creates a sense of unity among

Drug Legalization in the United States Essay Example for Free

Drug Legalization in the United States Essay Abstract This paper will explore four websites and one online newspaper addressing the subject of drug trafficking in the United States and why legalization is a profitable alternative. The various ways drugs are bought into the country, information on how and why drug trafficking has increased in the United States, statistics on the number of people that are addicts, and the problems related to foreign countries on this issue. The reasons why illicit drugs should be legalized and what the income from the taxation from them could do to better our health care reform and our economy. Keywords: drug trafficking, economy, legalization Drug Legalization in the United States Illegal drugs are exports and deported out if our country everyday by different groups such as high profile criminal gangs or groups such as the cartel. Law enforcement has yet found a suitable way in controlling the war on drugs and have in past years, up until now, have made and passed bills and policies within the government that has made it worse. The legalization of illicit drugs, such as marijuana, would dramatically save, if not make our country more money.The Department of Justice reports the trafficking of drugs has increased in the United States (2012). Criminal groups from other countries, such as Mexican, Cuban, and Asian, including the groups in our country, grow, manufacturer, and distribute marijuana and other illicit drugs. Meth being in such high demand, leads to the growing number of addicts. Domestic cannabis growers and producers provide marijuana as easy completion for such drugs such as cocaine, LSD, and heroine. Since the price of the final product increases to abnormally high values, because of the black market status, this together with the powerful effects of drug addiction causes users to commit crimes in order to fund their addiction. The ways that illicit drugs are brought in to the country are by passenger ships at United States ports and shipping containers, criminal groups operating from South America smuggling cocaine and heroin in the United States. Self-propelled semisubmersible vessels are maritime vessels used by traffickers to transport illicit drugs. These vessels typically protrude only a few inches above the surface of the water, making them very difficult to detect visually. SPSS’s typically have a four-man crew and are capable of carrying multiton quantities of cocaine. The primary threat from drug smuggling via private vessels is from Caribbean-based traffickers exploiting the Puerto Rico and Florida coastlines. Traffickers transported mostly cocaine from the Dominican Republic to Puerto Rico, although they smuggled lesser amounts of heroin, sometimes combined with cocaine loads. Caribbean traffickers also smuggled cocaine, heroin, and marijuana from the Bahamas to areas of South Florida bet ween Miami and Palm Beach. Seizure totals and routes remained relatively constant compared with those of previous years. These routes have been opened and used frequently since the 1970’s. Traffickers used private maritime vessels to smuggle drugs into the United States during 2009 through Puerto Rico, South Florida, South Texas, and southern California, and Mexican DTOs sometimes smuggle drugs by maritime means to avoid law enforcement scrutiny along the Southwest Border. According to Drug Addiction Facts and Statistics, the statistics on the number of addicts that we have in the United States are also growing rapidly. These numbers are solely based on the harsher illicit drugs such as heroin and cocaine. â€Å"2010 estimated 22.6 million Americans over the age of 12 that were currently or formally illicit drug users are equivalent to about 8.9% of the population† Over 6 million children in the United States live with at least one parent with a drug problem. Since the 1980’s the numbers of people that used illicit drugs that ended death either by overdose or some other type of reaction has risen to over 540%. A 1996 U.S. government study claims that heavy marijuana use may impair learning ability. The key words are heavy use and may. This claim is based on studying people who use marijuana daily–a sample that represents less than 1 percent of all marijuana users. This study concluded: 1) Learning impairments cited were subtle, minimal, and may be temporary. In other words, there is little evidence that such learning impairments even exist. 2) Long-term memory was not affected by heavy marijuana use. 3) Casual marijuana users showed no signs of impaired learning. 4) Heavy alcohol use was cited as being more detrimental to the thought and learning process than heavy marijuana use. (2012). Drug raids in the United States happen on the average of hundreds of times a day. The policies are a lot more dangerous and dramatic then public use of drugs. These policies harm not just families of the users and dealers, but the neighbors and general public that surround them. It has been known that law enforcement has gotten wrong addresses, and bad leads to help them follow through enforcement. Drug task force units have their equipment such as big guns and bullet proof amour, for their defense, but to a child of the suspect, it can seem very intimidating and scary. This also has been known as traumatizing to the youth and families involved. It has also been classified as terrorizing. This is not what these policies were set out to do. Prohibition on illicit drugs brings more gang violence, murder, and violence from dealers, users, children, families, and law enforcement made to enforce policies. There are approximately 17.4 million users of marijuana between 2007 through to 2010 . The numbers increased to 6.9% up from 5.8% or 14.4 million to 17.4 million users. â€Å"To allow policy experimentation, the federal government should permit states to legalize the production, sales, taxation, and consumption of marijuana. While testing this policy shift, authorities should redirect scarce law enforcement resources to focus on the more damaging and socially unacceptable drugs such as heroin, cocaine and meth. From which Mexican drug trafficking organizations derive more than 70% of their proceeds (Moffat, 2012). Replacing marijuana prohibition with a system of taxation and regulation similar to that used for alcoholic beverages would produce combined savings and tax revenues of between $10 billion and $14 billion per year. The revenue from marijuana sales after legalizing for the government could be lucrative. If the tax of marijuana cigarettes was substituted for equal to the difference between the local production cost and the street price currently paid, transfer the revenue from the crime groups to the government, we would have revenue of abo ut $7 per unit. This adds up to over $2 billion on the Canadian sales and even more on an export tax then we can forgo the cost of enforcement and deploy our policy assets elsewhere. By providing legal supplies of currently illegal drugs the price will fall, leading to a collapse in the illegal drug industry, and a reduction in crimes committed by both drug suppliers and users. Some could also argue that the reduction in the price will lead to little, if any, growth in drug addiction, due to the inelasticity of demand. In a strictly regulated market, drug use may fall overall, by removing the marketing activities of the illegal drug industry. There are a growing number of law enforcement professionals speaking out for legalization. LEAP (Law Enforcement against Prohibition) is an international organization founded in 2002 made up of current and former members of the law enforcement and criminal justice communities who are speaking out about the failures of our existing drug policies. According to Betty Taylor, former Chief of Police of Winfield, MO and a speaker for LEAP (Law Enforcement against Prohibition) â€Å"If you can’t control the problem then regulate it. Regardless of law enforcement expenditures, the negative effects of prohibition include violence and other criminal activity† (Bozarth, 2012). The prohibition of marijuana is taking away from our economy in many different ways, such as financially. It is also taking our law enforcement officials away from being able to enforce the more dangerous crimes such as murder and enforce the policies of the more dangerous drugs such as cocaine and heroin. Taxes from the product can bring in more revenue and create another cash crop for farmers to contribute to the economy and also help with drug care reform in making a prescription drug that is affordable and easily acquired. These things are beneficiary to our country as long as it is monitored and maintained by its own policies put in place by ou r government. References DEA Briefs Background, Drugs and Drug Abuse, Drug Descriptions, Drug Trafficking in the United States. (n.d.). Welcome to the United States Department of Justice. Retrieved March 5, 2012, from http://www.justice.gov/dea/concern/drug_trafficking.html Drug Addiction Facts and Statistics. (n.d.). http://www.michaelshouse.com. Retrieved March 5, 2012, from http://www.michaelshouse.com/drug-addiction/drug-addiction-statistics/ Law Enforcement Against Prohibition. (n.d.). Retrieved March 5, 2012, from www.CopsSayLegalizeDrugs.com Moffatt, M. (n.d.). Should Governments Legalize and Tax Marijuana?. About.com. Retrieved March 5, 2012, from http://economics.about.com/od/incometaxestaxcuts/a/marijuana.htm Bozarth, M. (2012, 02 23). LEAP Helps Launch Marijuana Initiative. http://stjtelegraph.org/. Retrieved March 5, 2012, from stjtelegraph.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/02/stjtelegraph-23-08_all.pdf